'HAT task 3 Essay\r'

' strict acute respiratory syndrome is known as Severe Acute respiratory Syndrome. severe acute respiratory syndrome was identified in late February 2003 by Dr. Ubani World health Organization epidemiologist, but the inaugural case of severe acute respiratory syndrome was seen in November 2002 in the Guangdong responsibility of Southern China. The severe acute respiratory syndrome was particularly seen within the health c be workers and in their family members. The most of cases were fatal. Due to the unknown respiratory disease and it was dish outing fast among people. World wellness Organization (WHO) was notified. By the time WHO was involved, there was already 305 cases and five deaths of an unknown disease were reported (Christian, 2003). A medical checkup doctor who was caring infect force-out in Guangdong Province in February 2003 was the source of contagious disease of the infection. This doctor traveled to Hong Kong and perched in the hotel at one-ninth groundwork for one night. During his stay at the hotel, the computer virus was spread among the new(prenominal) guests who were staying in the ninth floor of the hotel. From there, these guests and visitors implanted outbreaks of cases to the various hospitals of Hong Kong, Vietnam, and Singapore. Concurrently the SARS was spread worldwide by nimbus as septic individuals travel back to their home to linked States of America, Canada (Toronto), and other countries of the world. (Christian, 2003). From November 2002- July 2003, there were a total of 8,098 likely cases of SARS were reported to the WHO from 29 different countries. From 8,098 cases, 774 deaths were reported. The ratio’s of mortality was reported to be Singapore was 14%, Hong Kong 17%, France 14%, and Canada 17% (Sars basic fact, â€Å"2012). The SARS epidemic was contained in July 2003.\r\nData\r\nSARS is severe respiratory disease, and corona virus motives it. Corona viruses unremarkably related to respiratory diseas e in both(prenominal) animal kind. Usually SARS has intimatelyly 4-6 eld of the incubation period. The most people started to feel ptyalize within 2-10 days of photograph to the virus. The first principal(a) symptom is high fever then it followed by headaches; generalized weakness and body ache, chills; rigors are leafy vegetable symptoms of the disease. Ten to twenty share of patients did experience virtually diarrhea. The first 2-10 days, patient excessively experienced unproductive cough, shortness of breath, and hypoxia as disease progressed. The initial strain of the disease, the chest x-ray, doesn’t show either changes and are negative. As the disease progressed, the chest x-ray shows m all interstitial infiltrates this means development of pneumonia. Because of the development of pneumonia, close 15-25% of patients require mechanical external respiration, despite mechanical ventilation half of the patient’s still die. The stake of dying with SA RS graduation-ups with advanced age and any other underlying medical condition for warning diabetes. The death rate of 10% female genital organ increase to 50% in patient’s honest-to-goodness than age of 60 (Parashar, 2004). Blood test shows extraction in absolute lymphocyte count with traffic pattern to low white rootage cell count. almost 70-90% of patient showed a lymphopenia and 30-50% showed thrombocytopenia throughout peak stage (Parashar, 2004). Liver and renal functions submit to superintend closely. The treatment of SARS ordinarily auxiliary and in addition depends on the patient’s clinical picture. SARS treatment is usually similar to pneumonia antipyretics for fever, type O for hypoxemia, and ventilation in severe cases. there is no known supportive info on the potential of the vaccine or antiviral agents (Trivedi, 2011 P. 1). The epidemiological data on SARS approximated mortality rate amid 14-15%. During the epidemic, there were 8098 pos sible cases of SARS with 774 (9.6%) deaths reported in different 29 countries (Parashar, 2004). The highest rate of cases was reported in China and Hong Kong. There were as well some cases in Taiwan, Singapore, and Canada. Most of patients who got the virus were between 25-70 historic period of age. There were only few cases under 15 years and younger. The most of people were give before the world(prenominal) refreshing was issued. There were only 27 cases of SARS in United States with no deaths. SARS transmittal among people was fast and it made difficult to overlook the outbreak. Early Recognition and initiation of isolation of infected people is necessary. It is likewise essential to provide cultivation to the infected communities and initiation of a global alert was in like manner helpful to contain the spread of SARS.\r\n track of Transmission\r\nCorona virus causes SARS, and it is usually anchor in some animal kind. Thirty percent of SARS cases were found in people who were discussion food. Corona\r\nvirus is usually spread by close contact with infected respiratory droplets of the nervous person. The major mode of transmission is a close person to person contact. An infected person sneezes or coughs in the straining and their droplets spread about 3 feet in distance. If a healthy person is rest nearby (about three feet) than the droplets enters into their mucus membranes of the odorize, eyes, and mouth. The SARS can be spread by touching an infected object and then touches your nose, eyes, and mouth. The close contact also means sharing your eating or swallow utensils, kissing and hugging, and talking and standing by mordant person. There is no evidence data on wayborne transmission. The transmission can be anticipateed by identifying and isolating the infected object. The most important dance footprint to stop transmission of any disease is make passwriting hygiene either using alcohol establish hand sanitizer or simple hand la under with soap and water. Wearing proper mask is also important since droplets spread SARS.\r\nGraphic Representation\r\n cause on Community\r\nSARS outbreak had a high effect on communities of all over the world. It did touch on communities economically and psychosocially. According to the World Health Organization, airline industries lost business approximated from 30,000 to 140,000 million US dollars. Due to the outbreak people were canceling their flights to Asian countries. effect communities also suffered psychosocially. Some ethnic groups experienced contrast and quarantined. The affected communities suffered from fear and dread. populate stop leaving out due to the spread of disease. Many schools and borders were unkindly for a course of time. To decrease stress and anxiety among people education about SARS was given. people were taught about signs and symptoms of the disease and how the disease was spread. Education was also given on how to control infection such( prenominal) as covering mouth or nose during coughing or sneezing, persisting mask at crowded places, using tissues to contain mucus, and the importance of hand washing with soap and water.\r\nProtocol\r\nEvery bow has a protocol how to report a genetic disease. These protocols help health treat provider to prevent the outbreak of a communicable disease. When health care provider finds a case of SARS, the initial step is to isolate the infected person. The second step is to counsel state and county health department about the possible case of SARS. The Center for ailment Control should also be notified about the case. According to the Center for Disease Control, it is mandatory for healthcare worker to report ” all(prenominal) persons requiring hospitalization for radio-graphically confirmed pneumonia who report at least(prenominal) one of three risk factors for exposure to SARS-CoV, any clusters of unexplained pneumonia especially among health care workers, and any po sitive SARS-CoV test results” (â€Å"In the absence,” 2005). The main step for any heath care facility is to limit for the SARS laboratory test. Once the SARS laboratory test is confirmed, and it is positive in the infected person. The future(a) step is to do further testing of the sick(p) person such as chest x-ray, blood cultures, pulse oximetry, the sputum sample for gram discolouration and culture, complete blood cell count, ininfluenzaenza A and B test to rule out viral illness, and urine test Legionella and pneumococcal antigen (â€Å"In the absence,” 2005). Sick person should admit as an con and placed on droplet precautions. Family or Friends and any maybe exposed people to the sick person should be notified and assessed for signs and symptoms of the disease.\r\nModification of Care\r\nAir tint index number (AQI) is used for to monitor the air musical note outdoors. The air choice index is used to notify man about the air pollution. It helps t he patient who has respiratory illnesses such as asthma, emphysema, bronchitis either acute or chronic, flu or SARS and the old people and pediatric population. These people fall under a cutting group. According to Environmental Protection Agency, the air attribute index scale is 0-500, but in United States it never exceeds above 200 (â€Å"Patient exposure and,” 2014). This is the reason in most of the cases the index is usually shown between 0-300. Increase number of air musical note index represents increased air pollution. Air fictional character index number is 100 or turn away is usually decent. If the air quality index is high than 100, it is not healthy for the sensitive group. Even air quality index of 51 can cause symptoms in people with respiratory problems. Air quality index number of 51 represents moderate air quality. It is essential to teach patients about air quality index website www.airnow.gov so they can continue to monitor air quality. The days of p oor air quality index, the people who have respiratory problems should plan to stay home or indoors as much as possible. They should avoid exhausting activities or employment outdoors. The people should also bear on windows and doors closed and pull through checking the air quality index and plan their activities accordingly. If the affected person cannot stay inside, he or she should wear a mask before going out. People should be educated about triggers what makes their disease exacerbation, about signs and symptoms of their disease such as Shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing. They should keep their rescue inhalers nearby in case of emergency. It is also necessary to teach them about when and where to get medical attention. Affected people can be benefited from antihistamines, nebulizers, and decongestant.\r\n quote\r\nChristian, H. (2003). Sars reference 10/2003. (Third ed., Vol. October, p. 170). Flying publisher. Retrieved from http://www.severe acute respiratory syndro mereference.com In the absence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-cov transmission worldwide: Guidance for surveillance, clinical and laboratory evaluation, and reporting version 2. (2005, May 03). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/sars/Surveillance/absence.htm Parashar, U. (2004). Severe acute respiratory syndrome: reexamine and lessons of the 2003 outbreak. International Epidemiological Association, 4(33), 628-634. Retrieved from http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/4/628.full Patient exposure and the air quality index. (2014, blemish 12). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/o3healthtraining/aqi.html (â€Å"Sars basic fact,” 2012)Sars basic fact sheet. (2012, July 02). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/sars/about/fs-SARS.html Trivedi, M. N. (2011). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/ name/237755-overview The World Health Organization. Retrieved on November 27.2012\r\nhttp://www. who.int/csr/sars/en\r\n'